Archive for the ‘Linux’ Category
OTD-62015 An error occurred while creating server certificates
<UPDATE !!!>
One of my colleagues asked for help creating an OTD configuration on an engineered system. For some reason the creation of the administration server failed. Here’s the command he issued:
-bash-3.2$ export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/otd -bash-3.2$ export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH -bash-3.2$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/tadm configure-server --host=my_host --java-home=$ORACLE_HOME/jdk --port=8989 --user=admin --instance-home=/u01/app/oracle/admin/otd/otdadmin --server-user=oracle --port 8989 --verbose This command will create the administration server. The password that is provided will be required to access the administration server. Enter admin-user-password> Enter admin-user-password again> Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.ConfigureServer validateRuntimeUser FINEST: Checking availability of valid runtime user... Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.AdminServerInstance init FINEST: Initing AdminServerInstance Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.ServerInstance init FINEST: Initing ServerInstance... Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.AdminServerInstance prepareDirsAndFiles FINEST: AdminServerInstance.prepareDirsAndFiles() Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.AdminServerInstance prepareInstanceNameAndDir FINEST: AdminServerInstance.prepareInstanceNameAndDir() Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.AdminServerInstance prepareTokens FINEST: AdminServerInstance.prepareTokens() Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.ServerInstance prepareTokens FINEST: ServerInstance.prepareTokens() Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.ServerInstance init FINEST: isWindows = false Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.ServerInstance init FINEST: oracleHome = /u01/app/oracle/product/otd Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.ServerInstance init FINEST: instanceHome = /u01/app/oracle/admin/otd/otdadmin Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.ServerInstance init FINEST: cfgTmplPath = /u01/app/oracle/product/otd/lib/templates/config Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.ServerInstance init FINEST: scriptsTmplPath = /u01/app/oracle/product/otd/lib/templates/scripts Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.ServerInstance init FINEST: configName = admin-server Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.ServerInstance init FINEST: unixUser = null Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.ServerInstance init FINEST: isZip = false Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.ServerInstance init FINEST: createService = false Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.AdminServerInstance FINEST: In AdminServerInstance constructor :: after calling super Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.AdminServerInstance FINEST: logger is null = false Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.ServerInstance createInstance FINEST: Starting to create server instance... Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.ServerInstance createDirectories FINEST: Starting to create instance directory structure... Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.AdminServerInstance setupSecurityDB FINEST: AdminServerInstance.setupSecurityDB Jan 14, 2014 11:06:52 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.AdminServerInstance setupSecurityDB FINEST: dbDir = /u01/app/oracle/admin/otd/otdadmin/admin-server/config Jan 14, 2014 11:06:54 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.AdminServerInstance createAdminCerts FINEST: Starting to setup the administration self-signed certificates Jan 14, 2014 11:06:55 AM com.sun.web.admin.configurator.AdminServerInstance createAdminCerts FINEST: java.lang.SecurityException: Unable to initialize security library com.sun.web.admin.security.NSSDBException: java.lang.SecurityException: Unable to initialize security library at com.sun.web.admin.security.SecurityUtil.initDB(SecurityUtil.java:69) at com.sun.web.admin.configurator.AdminServerInstance.createAdminCerts(AdminServerInstance.java:161) at com.sun.web.admin.configurator.AdminServerInstance.setupSecurityDB(AdminServerInstance.java:101) at com.sun.web.admin.configurator.ServerInstance.createInstance(ServerInstance.java:604) at com.sun.web.admin.configurator.ConfigureServer.configureServer(ConfigureServer.java:111) at com.sun.web.admin.cli.commands.ConfigureServerCommand.configure(ConfigureServerCommand.java:93) at com.sun.web.admin.cli.commands.ConfigureServerCommand.configureServer(ConfigureServerCommand.java:48) at com.sun.web.admin.cli.commands.ConfigureServerCommand.runCommand(ConfigureServerCommand.java:29) at com.sun.enterprise.cli.framework.CLIMain.invokeCommand(CLIMain.java:171) at com.sun.web.admin.cli.shelladapter.WSadminShell.invokeFramework(WSadminShell.java:162) at com.sun.web.admin.cli.shelladapter.WSadminShell.main(WSadminShell.java:79) Caused by: java.lang.SecurityException: Unable to initialize security library at org.mozilla.jss.CryptoManager.initializeAllNative(Native Method) at org.mozilla.jss.CryptoManager.initialize(CryptoManager.java:919) at org.mozilla.jss.CryptoManager.initialize(CryptoManager.java:885) at com.sun.web.admin.security.SecurityUtil.initDB(SecurityUtil.java:62) ... 10 more OTD-62015 An error occurred while creating server certificates: java.lang.SecurityException: Unable to initialize security library
Now this seemed interesting to me, since I never had this error before. So, fond of tracing as I am I started an strace
strace -f -o /tmp/tadm.trc $ORACLE_HOME/bin/tadm configure-server --host=my_host --java-home=$ORACLE_HOME/jdk --port=8989 --user=admin --instance-home=/u01/app/oracle/admin/otd/otdadmin --server-user=oracle --port 8989 --verbose
This gave me a rather extensive trace file (close to 12k lines) which I won’t bother you with. One of the relevant lines that draw my attention was:
fcntl(3, F_SETLK, {type=F_RDLCK, whence=SEEK_SET, start=1073741824, len=1}) = -1 ENOLCK (No locks available)
So, it is a NFS locking issue! Checking /etc/mtab showed me that the instance home was on a NFS mount: /u01/app/oracle/admin/otd . I changed the mountoptions to include noac,nolock and this instantly solved the error.
Hope this helps.
<UPDATE>
Well, that noac option caused some severe performance issues. Seems that this database best practice doesn’t work so much on Exalogic.
The nolock option should be handled with care. If you are absolutely sure that files can only be opened from one location this could solve the issues, but I was told by experts to avoid this as much as possible. Removing the nolock option did bring me back to a crashing tadm though. Back to the drawing board….
yum exclude list for Exalogic vServers
Recently I have been doing some work on Exalogic. While building a template for vServers on Exalogic I ran into an issue. After executing yum update following by a reboot, I wasn’t able to connect to the vServers anymore. This is caused by an issue with the network stack which, in the end, is caused by an documentation error.
It seems that the yum exclude list for vServers is not correctly documented , also Oracle Support Document 1594674.1 (Exalogic Virtual Environment – Guest vServer Upgrade to Oracle Linux v5.10 ) seems to be off. The exclusion list that didn’t break the operating system after a yum update is:
exclude=kernel* compat-dapl* dapl* ib-bonding* ibacm* ibutils* ibsim* infiniband-diags* kmod-ovmapi-uek* libibcm* libibmad* libibumad* libibverbs* libmlx4* libovmapi* librdmacm* libsdp* mpi-selector* mpitests_openmpi_gcc* mstflint* mvapich* ofa* ofed* openmpi_gcc* opensm* ovm-template-config* ovmd* perftest* qperf* rds-tools* sdpnetstat* srptools* exalogic* infinibus* xenstoreprovider* initscripts* nfs-utils*
rlwrap, wlst and the nodemanager
Lately I have seen a couple of blogposts about wlst and rlwrap (e.g. this one). This blogpost is a friendly warning to all of you who have followed this tip.
If you happen to start your nodemanager from wlst, i.e. like this:
$ rlwrap java weblogic.WLST
Initializing WebLogic Scripting Tool (WLST) …
Welcome to WebLogic Server Administration Scripting Shell
Type help() for help on available commands
wls:/offline>
wls:/offline>
wls:/offline> startNodeManager(NodeManagerHome=’/u01/app/oracle/nodemanager’,PropertiesFile=’/u01/app/oracle/nodemanager/nodemanager.properties’)
Launching NodeManager …
<>
Node Manager starting in the background
wls:/offline>
your nodemanager gets started just like expected. If you check your process tree you might find something you won’t like:
wls_user 21785 19630 0 17:35 pts/0 00:00:00 rlwrap java weblogic.WLST
wls_user 21786 21785 4 17:35 pts/1 00:00:09 java weblogic.WLST
wls_user 22740 21786 15 17:38 pts/1 00:00:06 /u01/app/oracle/jrmc-4.0.0-1.6.0/jre/bin/java -classpath /u01/app/oracle/jrmc-4.0.0-1.6.0/jre/lib/rt.jar:/u01/app/oracle/jrmc-4.0.0-1.6.0/jre/lib/i18n.jar:/u01/app/oracle/middleware/wlserver_10.3/server/ext/jdbc/oracle/11g/ojdbc6dms.jar:/u01/app/oracle/middleware/patch_wls1033/profiles/default/sys_manifest_classpath/weblogic_patch.jar:/u01/app/oracle/middleware/patch_ocp353/profiles/default/sys_manifest_classpath/weblogic_patch.jar:/u01/app/oracle/jrmc-4.0.0-1.6.0/lib/tools.jar:/u01/app/oracle/middleware/wlserver_10.3/server/lib/weblogic_sp.jar:/u01/app/oracle/middleware/wlserver_10.3/server/lib/weblogic.jar:/u01/app/oracle/middleware/modules/features/weblogic.server.modules_10.3.3.0.jar:/u01/app/oracle/middleware/wlserver_10.3/server/lib/webservices.jar:/u01/app/oracle/middleware/modules/org.apache.ant_1.7.1/lib/ant-all.jar:/u01/app/oracle/middleware/modules/net.sf.antcontrib_1.1.0.0_1-0b2/lib/ant-contrib.jar:/u01/app/oracle/middleware/wlserver_10.3/server/lib/weblogic.jar:/u01/app/oracle/middleware/oracle_common/soa/modules/commons-cli-1.1.jar:/u01/app/oracle/middleware/oracle_common/soa/modules/oracle.soa.mgmt_11.1.1/soa-infra-mgmt.jar:/u01/app/oracle/middleware/oracle_common/modules/oracle.jrf_11.1.1/jrf.jar:/u01/app/oracle/middleware/wlserver_10.3/common/derby/lib/derbyclient.jar:/u01/app/oracle/middleware/wlserver_10.3/server/lib/xqrl.jar -DPropertiesFile=/u01/app/oracle/middleware/wlserver_10.3/common/nodemanager/nodemanager.properties -DNodeManagerHome=/u01/app/oracle/middleware/wlserver_10.3/common/nodemanager -DQuitEnabled=true weblogic.NodeManager -v
as you can see, the user wls_user owns the pid that started rlwrap. This pid is the parent of the wlst session, which is the parent of the nodemanager pid. Now guess what happens if you exit out of your wlst session?
To make this worse, guess what process is the parent of the startWebLogic.sh script that starts your managed server?
wls_user 23727 22740 0 17:41 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /u01/app/oracle/middleware/user_projects/domains/ooid_domain/bin/startWebLogic.sh
So, here’s my friendly advice: do not start the nodemanager with a rl-wrapped wlst session or you will be finding yourself banging your head against the wall.
iscsi-targets
I am build a new environment on my testing-kit. Instead of downloading OpenFiler, I decided to build my own ISCSI device on OEL 5. The main reason for this exercise is that I want this box to be DNS server and some more.
Anyway, configuring ISCSI is not an average DBA’s job. I don’t like to type in commands on a prompt when I don’t know what they mean. Every how-to I find keeps on calling difficult commands to create a ISCSI LUN, which made me spent lots of time in man-pages last night. In the end this was a waste of time, since all you need to do is:
- add a disk to your VM (let’s say /dev/sdb)
- install perl-Config-General and scsi-target-utils rpm’s from the ClusterStorage directory on the DVD with your installation media
- edit /etc/tgt/targets.conf and make it look like this:
ASM1>where area51.local is my domain, ASM1 is my LUN and /dev/sdb is the disk just added to the VM
backing-store /dev/sdb
</target>
- make the tgtd daemon start
chkconfig 345 tgtd on; service tgtd start
Now whenever you restart your server, you will still have the same ISCSI LUN presented to the world. No big man-page needed, just a simple configuration file. How about that….
Obviously, when you want to check the LUN, you do need the tgtadm command. This should do the trick:
tgtadm --lld iscsi --op show --mode target
Group existence
Usually I work on Linux and I love it. For some sort of reason it just took me an hour to find out if a group existed and what the gid was (ldap was configured). Therefore I make this not to myself: getent is cool!
The easiest way I found to check for group existence is:
$ getent group dba
dba:x:4006:
And, other way around, if you have the gid here’s how you find the group name :
$ getent group 4006
dba:x:4006:
</end reminder>
EUS and asmcmd
I have been working a lot with EUS lately at a big customer. My personal account is able to login to databases (EUS) and also on to OEL (OAS4OS). This combined with some chown/chmod commands on OEL enables me to do my job with my personal account.
Since this customers also uses ASM, I figured I would like to use my personal account for asmcmd too. First I tested the process with a local account, baby steps usually works best for me. I created an account jhl
# useradd -g asmadmin -G dba jhl
Next i su’d to jhl and tested the procedure:
$ id
uid=10238(jhl) gid=4007(asmadmin) groups=4006(dba),4007(asmadmin)$ . oraenv
ORACLE_SID = [+ASM1] ? +ASM1
The Oracle base for ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/asm_200 is /u01/app/oracle$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> ls
This looks promising, all needed to be done next was repeating the steps only now with an account from the OID. First I had to add the group to the OID, here’s the ldif I used:
startup scripts
Every now and then there’s another discussion about how to create startup scripts for a database. Frits Hoogland just made an interesting post, somehow I get the feeling this information is new for most people. Being brought up with Linux instead of an old unix starts getting more and more useful 😉
X-forwarding
In some situations you have a Linux sysadmin that configures a machine for you, but sometimes you have to configure it yourself. If you happen to end up with some raw iron and you want a minimal install of Linux (without a X-server), x-forwarding can be a hassle. Here are some pointers in troubleshooting x-forwarding:
Why reboot when you could just scan your scsi-bus?
Whenever I read install guides about Oracle and installations on VM-Ware I always see remarks telling you to reboot your system after you added a disk. This is not necessary.
While your virtual machine is running, click on edit hardware and add a disk. When using VMWare workstation you cannot choose which scsi bus to use. Either try all buss-es, or check the .vmx file. In my case, I called the newdisk newdisk.vmdk, which represents these lines in the vmx file:
scsi0:2.present = “TRUE”
scsi0:2.fileName = “newdisk.vmdk”
scsi0:2.redo = “”
By looking at the code, I can see that the disk has been added to scsi bus 0. Next I scan the bus:
[root@wls2 ~]# echo – – – >/sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
This command scans every channel, every target and every lun on the host0 device. When checking dmesg, I notice that the disk is present.
[root@wls2 ~]# dmesg
[..]
Vendor: VMware, Model: VMware Virtual S Rev: 1.0
Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02
target0:0:2: Beginning Domain Validation
target0:0:2: Domain Validation skipping write tests
target0:0:2: Ending Domain Validation
target0:0:2: FAST-40 WIDE SCSI 80.0 MB/s ST (25 ns, offset 127)
SCSI device sdf: 16777216 512-byte hdwr sectors (8590 MB)
sdf: Write Protect is off
sdf: Mode Sense: 5d 00 00 00
sdf: cache data unavailable
sdf: assuming drive cache: write through
SCSI device sdf: 16777216 512-byte hdwr sectors (8590 MB)
sdf: Write Protect is off
sdf: Mode Sense: 5d 00 00 00
sdf: cache data unavailable
sdf: assuming drive cache: write through
sdf: unknown partition table
sd 0:0:2:0: Attached scsi disk sdf
sd 0:0:2:0: Attached scsi generic sg5 type 0
Now I can create a partition using fdisk and start using the disk without rebooting.
Oracle MVA 